{"id":8611,"date":"2017-10-13T22:57:47","date_gmt":"2017-10-13T22:57:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acarhoca.com\/?p=8611"},"modified":"2017-10-26T23:51:37","modified_gmt":"2017-10-26T23:51:37","slug":"nobel-ekonomi-odulu-ekonomide-insan-calismasina-verildi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/?p=8611","title":{"rendered":"NOBEL EKONOM\u0130 \u00d6D\u00dcL\u00dc: “Ekonomide \u0130nsan da Vard\u0131r” \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na verildi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bir \u00fclke d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki o \u00fclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara sadece \u201cse\u00e7men\u201d<\/span><\/strong> g\u00f6z\u00fc ile bak\u0131ls\u0131n\u2026 Ya da hangi politikay\u0131 uygularsak \u201cbize oy vermeye devam ederler\u201d<\/span><\/strong> ve iktidar devam eder, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekipleri kurmu\u015f olsunlar. Veya bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck finansal destekle bu ki\u015filerin \u00f6nce g\u00f6n\u00fclleri sonra oylar\u0131na talip olunsun\u2026 Bu iki \u00fclkeden birisi ABD, di\u011feri \u0130ngiltere. Eski ABD Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Barack Obama ve eski \u0130ngiltere Ba\u015fbakan\u0131 David Cameron, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerinin devam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ekonomiye yap\u0131lan m\u00fcdahalelerin etkilerini \u00f6l\u00e7mek ve bunun iktidarlar\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in ekipler olu\u015fturmu\u015flard\u0131. Tam buradan Nobel Ekonomi \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcne giriyoruz.<\/p>\n

2017 Nobel Ekonomi \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc Richard H. Thaler ald\u0131. B\u00f6ylece 2000\u2019den beri, son \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l hari\u00e7, Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc kazanan ekonomistlerin ABD k\u00f6kenli olmas\u0131 gelene\u011fi devam etmektedir. Hindistan\u2019da bir d\u00f6nem Merkez Bankas\u0131 ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 da yapan Thaler\u2019in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ise tamamen insan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n piyasa \u00fczerine etkilerini incelemek \u00fczerine haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sebepler-sonu\u00e7lar diyebilece\u011fimiz, bireysel tercihler ve irade eksikli\u011fi, hatta kendini kontrol etmenin ya da edememenin kararlar \u00fczerine etkisini ara\u015ft\u0131ran Thaler, bu kararlar\u0131n \u201cpsikolojiden ekonomiye\u201d<\/span> <\/strong>giden \u00e7izgisini anlatmaktad\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da firmalardan siyasi iktidarlara kadar, pek \u00e7ok karar vericiye ilham olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n

Nobel \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc kazand\u0131ktan sonra yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, as\u0131l karar biriminin \u201cinsan\u201d<\/span> <\/strong>oldu\u011funu, insan\u0131 tan\u0131madan yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve olu\u015fturulan sistemlerin ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftir. \u0130nsan\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcnde \u201cbencil\u201d<\/span> <\/strong>ve kendi menfaatine odakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kendi lehine olan kararlar alma e\u011filiminde oldu\u011funu ifade ederken; ayn\u0131 zamanda ba\u015fka olumlu y\u00f6nleriyle de \u201cinsan evlad\u0131\u201d<\/span><\/strong> olarak vurgulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya temel te\u015fkil eden bu \u201crasyonel bencil\u201d<\/span><\/strong> \u00f6nermesinin sistemleri a\u00e7\u0131klama ve ekonomik olaylar\u0131 alg\u0131lamada yetersiz oldu\u011funa vurgu yapan Thaler, insan\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak, iyi-k\u00f6t\u00fc yanlar\u0131yla alg\u0131lamayan teorilerin ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131 yok demektedir.<\/p>\n

72 ya\u015f\u0131nda Nobel ile tan\u0131\u015fan Thaler\u2019in dikkat \u00e7ekti\u011fi bir ba\u015fka husus ise \u201cinsanlar\u0131n k\u0131sa vadeli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye yenik d\u00fc\u015fmesi, ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in planlar yapmay\u0131\u015f\u0131\u2026”<\/em> Bunun \u00e7e\u015fitli istenmeyen sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

Thaler’in “adalet” \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ise daha ilgin\u00e7. Maliyetler y\u00fckselirken fiyatlar\u0131n y\u00fckselmesi makul de, talep artt\u0131 diye fiyat artmas\u0131 ne demek bunu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Burada toplumun alg\u0131 ve endi\u015feli haliyle ilgisini analiz etmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar en ba\u015fta se\u00e7menleri etkilemek ve oylar\u0131n\u0131 alabilmek i\u00e7in politikac\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 incelemesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.72 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki Profes\u00f6r Thaler, 1995\u2019ten bu yana University of Chicago\u2019s Booth School of Business\u2019ta \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakta, ayn\u0131 zamanda AND Ulusal Ekonomi B\u00fcrosu\u2019nun (NABE) Davran\u0131\u015fsal Ekonomi<\/strong> <\/span>Projesi\u2019ni Robert Shiller ile birlikte y\u00f6netmektedir. Burada Karar Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi (Center for Decision Research) direkt\u00f6rl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc de y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar, se\u00e7menleri etkilemek ve oylar\u0131n\u0131 alabilmek, ayr\u0131ca topluluklara da y\u00f6n vermek isteyen politikac\u0131lara, b\u00fct\u00e7e a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n harcamalar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde ilham verdi\u011fini, 2008 mali krizinin a\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131ndaki \u00f6nemine vurgu yapmaktad\u0131r. Thaler’in ayn\u0131 isimle T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019ye \u00e7evrilen teorisi, “Nudge” teorisi<\/strong>, D\u00fcrtme<\/span><\/strong> ad\u0131yla kitap olarak yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Esas olarak \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck te\u015fvikler insanlar\u0131 belirli kararlar almaya itebilir.\u201d G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc desteklemektedir. Ya da \u201cbir a\u00e7l\u0131k bile acele ile ayak\u00fcst\u00fc bir\u015feyler at\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmam\u0131za, burger ve patates cipse y\u00f6nelmemize sebep olabilir\u201d derken insani \u00f6zelliklerimize dikkat \u00e7ekmektedir. Bu davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi i\u00e7in \u201cbilge olmakla sade vatanda\u015f olmak<\/strong><\/em> aras\u0131nda bir fark olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u201d belirtmektedir.<\/p>\n

Son s\u00f6z yine Thaler\u2019den: \u201cH\u00e2l\u00e2 \u0130nsan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sebeplerini i\u00e7eren herhangi bir politikay\u0131 bulmak i\u00e7in, uzun bir yolumuz var.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bir \u00fclke d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki o \u00fclkedeki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlara sadece \u201cse\u00e7men\u201d g\u00f6z\u00fc ile bak\u0131ls\u0131n\u2026 Ya da hangi politikay\u0131 uygularsak \u201cbize oy vermeye devam ederler\u201d ve iktidar devam eder, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi ile ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekipleri kurmu\u015f olsunlar. Veya bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck finansal destekle bu ki\u015filerin \u00f6nce g\u00f6n\u00fclleri sonra oylar\u0131na talip olunsun\u2026 Bu iki \u00fclkeden birisi ABD, di\u011feri \u0130ngiltere. Eski ABD […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":8612,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108,111,1],"tags":[531,532,530,529],"class_list":["post-8611","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-akademi","category-ekonomi","category-genel","tag-davranissal-ekonomi","tag-davranissal-iktisat","tag-nobel-odulu","tag-richard-h-thaler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8611","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8611"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8611\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8634,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8611\/revisions\/8634"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/8612"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8611"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8611"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acarhoca.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8611"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}